The purpose of an anti-lock braking system (ABS) is to prevent the wheels from locking during braking, especially on low friction surfaces such as wet, icy, or snowy roads.

Steering a vehicle requires that the tires have traction, and a locked wheel has less traction to road surface than a rotating wheel. As a result, the vehicle will continue travelling in a straight line even though the front wheels are being turned by the driver.

ABS does not mean that a vehicle can stop quickly on all road surfaces. Because it is the friction between the tire tread and the road that does the actual stopping of the vehicle. ABS uses sensors at the wheels to measure the wheel speed. If a wheel is rotating slower than the others, indicating possible lockup (for example, on an icy spot), the ABS computer will control the brake fluid pressure to that wheel for a fraction of a second.

Remember, a vehicle equipped with ABS can still get into a skid; therefore, the term ABS cannot be describe as anti-skid braking system.

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